According to the Internatonal Standard (ISO 8713:2002) electric car is known in terms of road Electric vehicles are in the United States developed into two (2) types, including; Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV) and Low Emission Vehicles (LEV). Electric cars are categorized into Zero Emission Vehicles are Batterai Car (Battery Operate) and fuel cell cars. While that is categorized into LEV propulsion system is a car that combines the conventional engine with an electric motor (car Hybride). A variety of emerging technologies associated with this electric car, can be described briefly as follows:Electric Car "Batterai Operate" The electric car of this type rely on batteries as an energy source to drive the vehicle. A very important part in this type of electric car are: 1). Electric motors. 2). Batteries (AKI). 3). Crarger (tool recharging electric energy in the AKI). 4). Kondali System (Controller). 5). Energy Management (EMS) or Energy management System
Car Hybrid Cars Technology hybrid popularized by Toyota and Honda, as a solution to save fuel and cope with environmental pollution. How it works with the principle of regenerative electrical machines (refill / recharging while the vehicle is in operation) on a hybrid engine, unlike the cars full of electricity. The car can not recharge its electricity. When the power runs out, Batterai / battery must be charged specifically with time 8 to 12 hours (for the technology onboard charger). Special hybrid engine, electric engine can recharge the battery with the use of kinetic energy during braking (regenerative brakeing). Even some of the energy from the engine petrol engine / diesel / bio-fuel when running power can be channeled to charge batteries / battery. With operating systems such as this there will be a saving of fuel. In the city of Tokyo Japan, trucks and buses have been many who use the engine power hybrid system because it is considered very efficient / saving fuel and reducing pollution. This type of hybrid engines in general there is a system using parallel and series systems, but the most common are parallel. Hybrid electric engine on a vehicle is actually just as a support or can be called a booster, the main engine that uses gasoline or diesel fuel. A small electric engine on a hybrid vehicle will not be able to run the car normally. The development of hybrid engine technology is now more rapid. Similarly, in recharging electric increasingly sophisticated, fast, and the greater the electric engine power.Solar car "Solar Car" Car of solar power or solar power, is a type of electric vehicle that uses solar energy as a source of energy. Solar energy captured by solar cell panels are then used to drive the electric motor serves to rotate the wheel. To be used on an even keel so the car is equipped with a solar energy storage (energy storage) is commonly used batteries / battery. Dilengkapai by means of the speed regulator control car can drive in accordance with the speed according to speed dirancang.Di Indonesia ranges from 12 years ago this solar car developed by students of ITS Surabaya.'Fuel Cell Cars' Fuel Cell is a technological breakthrough made by the ilimuan and automobile industry to seek alternative energy sources driving the machine. And one of the strongest choice is the hydrogen fuel, hydrogen chosen because they meet two main reasons, namely because hydrogen is environmentally friendly. Hydrogen combustion flue gases did not pollute the environment. The second reason, because hydrogen is available naturally in large quantities to be used from generation to generation. Hydrogen can be obtained economically with cheap. The water cycle also allows the hydrogen available in the long run. Hydrogen is a strong choice as a future fuel cars, replacing the role of fuel oil (BBM) of high pollution levels and thinner availability in nature. Hydrogen can be obtained by electrolysis of water to process. In this way deemed not change the balance of nature, is very simple, effective and clean. Namely with the techniques of large amounts of water electrolysis using electricity. The way the two electrodes immersed in a tub of water, for fishing hydrogen. Hydrogen ions are positively charged (cations) gathered around the cathode is negative. While the oxygen ions (anions) are collected toward the positive anode. With so formed hydrogen in gaseous form. After the hydrogen in its gaseous form is established, then through a combustion technology 'cold' in an electric cell, which results in the form of electric power to drive the car. More Read the book "ELECTRIC CAR" TECHNOLOGIES and its development: By: MasrahElectric Car MarlipThis car is in Indonesia was developed by LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences), with a brand Marlip (Marmot Power LIPI). This car uses the battery power source 200Ah/12V much as 3 pieces. For the trip nonstop for 8 hours, requiring re-charging for 8 hours anyway. This car can reach speeds average 40 km / hour. Marlip car, consists of many kinds, such as train the patient, golf cars, police patrol vehicles, housing up to two passenger vehicles. Currently under development is also an electric car that was given additional diatapnya solar cells, to increase the cruising car.
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